Foundation models, also largely known as general-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) systems (GPAI) or generative AI, have become the centre of regulatory discussions on AI across the globe.
Why is that the case? And why now?
Since the launch of ChatGPT* in late 2022, the focus of policymakers has shifted from broad discussions on AI governance to the specific case of generative AI and the concerns around such powerful AI systems.
*ChatGPT, a conversational AI chatbot that generates text based on user prompts, became the most widely used generative AI tool.
This report aims to clarify:
- what foundation models are;
- what characteristics of such models and what recent developments triggered the attention of legislators; and
- what rules could be put in place at a global level, as well as in the European Union, the United Kingdom and the United States in particular.
For a free download of our analysis, please click on the below button.
Clients of our European Digital Economy service, can also access it directly on our client portal via "Access the ful content".
more news
04 November 26
In nine European countries, national symmetric obligations on access to ducts go beyond the scope set by the Gigabit Infrastructure Act
Cullen International's latest benchmark analyses asymmetric and symmetric duct access obligations in Europe.
04 November 26
More than 60 cases and counting: a snapshot of European antitrust enforcement against big tech
Cullen International’s latest report on past and pending antitrust cases against big tech companies in Europe tracks enforcement activity under ex post antitrust rules at EU and national level.
30 October 26
Many governments around the globe rely on legal mechanisms to compel communications apps to cooperate in law enforcement investigations
Cullen International's latest Global Trends benchmark for number-independent communications apps regulation found that nearly all of the 13 surveyed jurisdictions around the world provide some legal mechanism to make these apps assist law enforcement in criminal investigations. There are requirements to verify user identities, compel disclosure of stored content, make encrypted content accessible, and duties to detect illegal content within private communications.