Cullen International’s new European telecoms benchmark provides an overview of different kinds of wholesale local access products. Where local access is mandated, this is usually the result of an analysis of the fixed wholesale local access market (market 1/2020, previously market 3a/2014). Some countries imposed symmetric obligations which apply to all operators irrespective of their market power.
Our research shows that there is no longer a clear boundary between local and central access. Virtual unbundling (VULA) products now often provide points of handover at a higher level of the network, or allow access seekers to choose where they prefer local, regional or central handover. In some countries, VULA is now fully replacing physical access.
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04 July 25
Online intermediaries in the Americas are protected against liability for third-party copyright infringements
Cullen International’s latest benchmark shows that most countries in the Americas limit the liability of online intermediaries for third-party copyright infringements, reflecting digital-era updates to copyright laws. The research also examines liability rules for defamation and other IP violations, as well as varying takedown obligations across jurisdictions. Some countries have introduced specific measures to address the unconsented sharing of intimate content.
30 June 25
LTE and 5G in the 410–430 MHz and 450–470 MHz bands in Europe
Our latest European benchmark shows the countries where the 410–430 MHz or 450–470 MHz bands can be used for LTE or 5G.
27 June 25
Can European end users choose their own router or modem?
Our new benchmark research shows that national regulators clearly defined the network termination point in five of the 14 European countries studied.