Artificial intelligence (AI) and cybersecurity have become central pillars of Europe’s digital policy agenda. Over the past few years, the EU has adopted a series of ambitious legislative instruments that fundamentally reshape how AI systems are developed, deployed and governed, and how digital infrastructure and data are protected.

With the entry into force of the AI Act and the changes introduced through the AI and Digital Omnibus proposals, companies and public authorities are facing a rapidly evolving and increasingly complex regulatory landscape. At the same time, AI is influencing regulatory debates in areas such as data protection, copyright and digital governance.

Further, EU digital regulation is increasingly being impacted by EU’s tech sovereignty objectives, with a particular focus on cybersecurity regulation. This is reflected in proposals such as the Cybersecurity Act 2 (CSA) and the Cloud and AI Development Act (CADA).